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2.4 Instrumental view of online marketing
In spite of the significance of communication like the most important online marketing instrument, online marketing is a lot more than only online communication. Besides the communication policy, the tasks of online marketing are also the sale of products, the distribution policy and the realization of services (Bruhn, 1997, p.56).
Following the model of the classical marketing mix, the online marketing mix is composed of the following elements:
Figure 4: The marketing mix
The marketing mix |
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Product |
Promotion |
Price |
Placement |
Variety |
Advertisement |
List price |
Trade channels |
Quality |
Special events |
Discounts |
Market share |
Design |
Sales representatives |
Credit period |
Range of goods |
Equipment |
Reputation |
Customer credits |
Places of offers |
Brand name |
Stock |
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Packaging |
Transport |
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Customer service |
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Guarantee |
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Target market |
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Source: Kotler et al., 2006, p.140