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2.3.2 Push Strategy vs. Pull Strategy
Depending on whether a company wants to use a push or pull strategy, the communication and marketing mix has to be designed differently.
Figure 2: Push Strategy

Source: Learnmarketing, 2010
The push strategy “pushes” a product through the trade channels. A producer wants to convince a wholesaler to buy his product. The conditions are so lucrative that the resale to the retailers has first priority. This results in a better competitive position for the product, because all participants make more profit with the sale of this product than with others.
Figure 3: Pull Strategy

Source: Learnmarketing, 2010
The pull strategy focuses its marketing activities to the consumer. The objective is to create a loyalty with that a customer demands only the own product. This results in a better position for negotiations with wholesaler and retailers, because they are obligated to offer this product (Kotler et al., 2006, p. 691-692).